IDENTIFICATION OF CLIMATIC PATTERNS AND ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS IN SÃO LUÍS, MARANHÃO

Abstract

The article develops an understanding of how the climatic patterns of São Luís do Maranhão are organized in terms of classification, synoptic behavior, and climatic dynamics, promoting a review and update of its data and references base. In the identification of the climatic classification type that characterizes the municipality of São Luís, the main analytical-static climatic models as well as the most widely adopted genetic classification models in Brazil were used. Furthermore, the main geoecological factors determining its climatic dynamics were characterized, as well as the identification of atmospheric circulation systems at various levels of operation. It was concluded that the primary atmospheric system acting in the municipality of São Luís is the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), with secondary influences from the Trade Winds (TW), High-Level Cyclonic Vortices (HLCVs), resulting in periods of atmospheric stability with drought, the South Atlantic Subtropical High (SASH), Eastward Wave Disturbances (EWDs), and Instability Lines (IL), which generate rainfall during dry periods, and on a local scale, the maritime breeze with daily winds and occasional rainfall due to convective systems. Its temperature remains high throughout the year with little daily, monthly, or annual variability.